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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (rNAION)

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Published on: November 20, 2016

Gradient-index rod lens with high N.A.

T Yamagishi¹, K Fujii, I Kitano

¹Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Ltd., Research Laboratory, Konoike, Itami 664, Japan.

|February 1, 1983

Summary

A novel ion-exchange technique creates a gradient-index lens with high numerical aperture (0.6 N.A.). This new microoptic lens achieves a 1.18-micron spot diameter, proving useful in light-focusing and coupling systems.

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Materials Science

Background:

Gradient-index (GRIN) lenses are crucial for miniaturized optical systems.
Fabricating GRIN lenses with high numerical aperture (N.A.) and precise refractive-index profiles remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a new ion-exchange technique for fabricating high N.A. gradient-index lenses.
To characterize the performance of the fabricated lens in light-focusing and coupling applications.

Main Methods:

A novel ion-exchange process involving a glass rod doped with a highly polarizable ion (dopant A).
Immersion of the doped glass rod into potassium nitrate (KNO3) salt doped with a medium polarizability ion (dopant B).
Dopant B diffusion into the glass rod to modify the refractive-index profile.

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Main Results:

Fabrication of a gradient-index lens with a numerical aperture (N.A.) of 0.6.
Achieved a spot diameter of 1.18 microns in a light-focusing system.
Demonstrated effective performance in light source coupling systems.

Conclusions:

The new ion-exchange technique successfully produces high N.A. gradient-index lenses.
The fabricated lens is suitable for microoptic devices, including light-focusing and coupling applications.
This method offers a promising approach for advanced microoptic component fabrication.