Granulocytic sarcoma of the gingiva: two case reports

Area of Science:

• Oral Pathology
• Hematology
• Oncology

Background:

• Granulocytic sarcoma, a rare extramedullary tumor of myeloid blasts, can manifest in the oral cavity.
• Intraoral granulocytic sarcoma is exceptionally uncommon, presenting diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

• Two distinct cases of gingival granulocytic sarcoma are presented.
• Case 1: A 50-year-old male with a gingival tumor preceding acute myeloid leukemia.
• Case 2: A 59-year-old male with a gingival tumor indicating blast crisis in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

Findings:

• Gingival granulocytic sarcoma can present as an initial sign of acute myeloid leukemia.
• It can also signify a terminal blast crisis in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

Implications:

• Oral surgeons and clinicians should suspect systemic disease in cases of intractable oral ulcers.
• Early detection of intraoral granulocytic sarcoma is crucial for improving patient prognosis and survival rates.