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Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:

Pneumothorax-I

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...

Pleura of the Lungs

Pleura of the Lungs

The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...

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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: March 3, 2023

Simultaneous bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax.

Shih-Chun Lee¹, Yeung-Leung Cheng, Chi-Wang Huang

¹Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.

Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)

|January 17, 2008

Summary

Simultaneous bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax (SBPSP) is rare but serious. Lower BMI and bilateral lung blebs/bullae are key risk factors. Bilateral surgery offers a safe and effective treatment for SBPSP.

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International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

Published on: March 12, 2020

Area of Science:

Thoracic Surgery
Pulmonology
Medical Diagnostics

Background:

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is common in young adults.
Simultaneous bilateral PSP (SBPSP) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication.
Urgent assessment and management are crucial for SBPSP to prevent progression to tension pneumothorax.

Purpose of the Study:

To review cases of PSP and identify the clinical features associated with SBPSP.
To determine the risk factors for developing SBPSP.
To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment for SBPSP.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of patients diagnosed with PSP between June 1996 and June 2006.
Analysis of clinicoradiological features and patient outcomes.
Comparison of SBPSP patients with non-SBPSP patients.

Main Results:

13 out of 616 patients (1.6%) presented with SBPSP, all male, mean age 20.9 years.
SBPSP patients had lower body weight, BMI, and higher height/weight ratio compared to non-SBPSP patients.
Higher incidence of lung blebs/bullae on HRCT (88.5% vs 63.5%) and lower BMI were independent risk factors for SBPSP.

Conclusions:

Lower BMI and bilateral bleb/bullae formation are significant risk factors for SBPSP.
Prompt recognition and management of SBPSP are essential.
Bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a safe and effective treatment for SBPSP, leading to uneventful recovery.