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Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...

Metastasis

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Published on: August 24, 2019

Small cell carcinoma of the appendix.

Anna M O'Kane¹, Mark E O'Donnell, Rajeev Shah

¹Department of Surgery, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AB, Northern Ireland, UK. okaneam@doctors.org.uk

World Journal of Surgical Oncology

|January 17, 2008

Summary

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma is rare and aggressive. This case report details the first instance of primary small cell carcinoma originating in the appendix.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) is a rare malignancy.
EPSCC shares histological similarities and aggressive behavior with pulmonary small cell carcinoma.

Observation:

A 60-year-old woman presented with right upper quadrant pain.
Imaging revealed an appendiceal lesion and liver metastases.
Surgical exploration and histopathology confirmed appendiceal origin.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed with primary small cell carcinoma of the appendix.
This represents the first documented case of pure appendiceal small cell carcinoma.

Implications:

This case expands the known spectrum of extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma origins.
Highlights the importance of considering rare diagnoses in abdominal malignancies.
May influence diagnostic and treatment strategies for similar future cases.