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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling
15:11

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling

Published on: January 5, 2015

Locking plates in proximal humerus fractures.

P C Strohm1, P Helwig, G Konrad

  • 1Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, Medical Center, Germany. peter.strohm@uniklinik-freiburg.de

Acta Chirurgiae Orthopaedicae Et Traumatologiae Cechoslovaca
|January 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proximal humerus fractures are common, especially in older adults. Angle-stable locking plates, like the PHILOS plate, show encouraging results for treating displaced humerus fractures, despite some complications.

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Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner
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Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling
15:11

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling

Published on: January 5, 2015

Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner
04:41

Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Proximal humerus fractures are a common injury, particularly in individuals over 60.
  • Treatment for displaced fractures remains a subject of debate, with varied historical approaches.
  • The development of new fixation devices has aimed to improve outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of angle-stable locking implants for displaced proximal humerus fractures.
  • To compare outcomes of locking plates against previous treatment modalities.
  • To assess the incidence of complications associated with these implants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical studies and outcomes data for patients treated with locking plates.
  • Focus on angle-stable implants, including the PHILOS plate and proximal humerus plates (PHP).
  • Analysis of fracture types, treatment strategies, and complication rates.

Main Results:

  • Angle-stable locking implants have demonstrated encouraging results in treating displaced proximal humerus fractures.
  • Complications such as implant failure and humeral head necrosis were observed but often related to fracture severity.
  • Locking plates have become a preferred implant choice in many centers.

Conclusions:

  • Modern locking plate technology offers promising outcomes for displaced proximal humerus fractures.
  • While complications exist, they are frequently associated with the complexity of the fracture itself.
  • Continued research and development in implant design are warranted.