Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease01:27

Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
Factors affecting Blood pressure01:28

Factors affecting Blood pressure

Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
Physiological Factors:
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Social Determinants of Health and Pediatric Long COVID in the US.

JAMA pediatrics·2026
Same author

Characterizing Long COVID Symptoms During Early Childhood.

JAMA pediatrics·2025
Same author

Characterizing Long COVID in Children and Adolescents.

JAMA·2024
Same author

Translating School Physical Education and Activity Policies into Practice: A Case Study.

Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine·2021
Same author

An Emerging Model for Community Health Worker-Based Chronic Care Management for Patients With High Health Care Costs in Rural Appalachia.

Preventing chronic disease·2020
Same author

A Latent Class Analysis of the Co-occurrence of Risk Behaviors among Adolescents.

American journal of health behavior·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Children
09:45

Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Children

Published on: April 29, 2013

The extended relationship between child cardiovascular risks and academic performance measures.

Lesley A Cottrell1, Karen Northrup, Richard Wittberg

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9214, RCBHSC, Morgantown, WV 26506-9214, USA. lcottrell@hsc.wvu.edu

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
|January 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Childhood overweight risks and fitness impact academic performance. Fitness, blood pressure, and socioeconomic status, not just BMI, are linked to fifth graders' test scores.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Children
09:45

Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Children

Published on: April 29, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Educational Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a growing concern with potential links to academic outcomes.
  • Cardiovascular risk factors and fitness levels may also influence cognitive function and school performance.
  • Understanding these complex relationships is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between children's overweight status, cardiovascular risk factors, fitness, and academic performance in fifth graders.
  • To determine which specific risk factors and fitness measures are most predictive of academic success.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 968 fifth-grade students was assessed for body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, acanthosis nigricans, and fitness.
  • Academic performance was measured using standardized test scores across mathematics, reading/language arts, science, and social studies.
  • Statistical analyses controlled for socioeconomic status to isolate the impact of health and fitness variables.

Main Results:

  • 39% of students were overweight or at risk for overweight.
  • Initially, weight status was linked to scores in reading/language arts, mathematics, and science.
  • However, after including other factors, only a composite fitness index, blood pressure, sex, and socioeconomic status remained significantly associated with academic performance.

Conclusions:

  • Children's academic performance is influenced by a combination of factors beyond just overweight status, including fitness and blood pressure.
  • These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive childhood cardiovascular risk surveillance programs.
  • Such programs should assess overweight risks, fitness, and other health indicators like type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure risk to better understand their impact on academic achievement.