Management of hydatid disease (echinococcosis) in pregnancy

Hydatid disease, manifesting as single or multiple hydatid cysts and caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is common in many parts of the world, especially the tropical countries. Although rare, this disease can also present during pregnancy, especially in endemic areas. Although much has been written about hepatic hydatidosis, there are only a few articles (mainly case reports) on hydatid disease in association with pregnancy. A literature search was done through Medline/PubMed and Medscape independently by the authors from 1950 to 2007 for key words "echinococcosis" and "pregnancy" and "management." All retrieved articles were reviewed. Manual cross-referencing was also done with inclusion of all relevant articles. In this review, we have attempted to summarize the presentation and available management approaches to hydatid disease, and have suggested evidence-based guidelines for its management during pregnancy.