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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
Published on: December 18, 2015
Precise comparison of experimental and theoretical SNRs in CO2 laser heterodyne systems
R Foord1, R Jones, J M Vaughan
1Royal Signals & Radar Establishment, Great Malvern, Worcs. WR14 3PS, UK.
Abstract:
A detailed comparison of experimental and theoretical SNR in an IR laser heterodyne system has been made with three different signal analyzers. Good agreement, considerably better than a factor of 1.5, is reported. Accurate allowance was made for transmission in the receiver optics, the effective quantum efficiency of the detector due to shot noise domination by the local oscillator, and for coherent speckle effects across the collection aperture. The evaluation of SNR with a surface acoustic wave spectrum analyzer and digital integrator is described in some detail. As an illustration an absolute measurement of backscattering strength in the atmosphere from an airborne equipment at altitudes up to 13.1 km is provided.
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