Fexofenadine in pediatrics: oral tablet and suspension formulations

Lyndon E Mansfield1

  • 1Texas Tech Regional Health Science Center, 1901 Arizona Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79902, USA. immunman@pol.net

Insights

A new oral suspension of fexofenadine offers an effective and safe option for treating allergic rhinitis in children. This formulation provides bioequivalence to tablets, improving medication adherence for pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Pharmacology and Therapeutics
  • Drug Formulation Science

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis is a prevalent chronic condition in children, often managed with oral antihistamines.
  • Fexofenadine, a second-generation antihistamine, is a first-line treatment with established efficacy and safety in pediatric populations.
  • Administration challenges in young children necessitate alternative formulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new oral suspension formulation of fexofenadine in children.
  • To establish bioequivalence between the fexofenadine oral suspension and its tablet formulation.
  • To assess the tolerability profile of the oral suspension in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical studies were conducted to compare the fexofenadine oral suspension with the 30 mg tablet formulation.
  • Bioequivalence studies were performed to assess pharmacokinetic parameters.
  • Safety and tolerability assessments were integral to the study design.

Main Results:

  • The fexofenadine oral suspension demonstrated bioequivalence to the 30 mg tablet formulation.
  • The new formulation exhibited a favorable safety and tolerability profile in children.
  • The oral suspension is indicated for seasonal allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria in specific pediatric age groups.

Conclusions:

  • The fexofenadine oral suspension provides a viable and effective alternative for pediatric allergic rhinitis treatment.
  • Bioequivalence supports interchangeable use with the established tablet formulation.
  • The favorable safety profile supports its use in children aged 6 months to 11 years.

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines01:15

Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines

Antihistamines are a class of drugs widely used to alleviate the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. They work by inhibiting the actions of histamine, which is released by immune cells in response to allergenic substances or tissue injuries.
Histamine binds to specific receptor sites, known as H1 receptors, on tissue cells, triggering inflammation and swelling. Antihistamines combat these effects by competing with histamine for these receptor sites. By...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...