Intradermal antitetanic-antityphoid booster by jet injection

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Vaccinology
• Public Health

Background:

• Booster immunizations are crucial for maintaining protective antibody titers against vaccine-preventable diseases.
• Intradermal vaccine administration offers potential advantages in dose-sparing and immune stimulation compared to intramuscular routes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of an unadsorbed Tetanus vaccine administered intradermally as a booster.
• To evaluate the effects of co-administering a lyophilized Typhoid vaccine with the Tetanus vaccine.

Main Methods:

• A comparative study involving human subjects receiving intradermal Tetanus toxoid booster immunization.
• Vaccine groups included Tetanus vaccine alone, Tetanus vaccine with Typhoid vaccine, and comparisons between adsorbed and unadsorbed Tetanus vaccine formulations.

Main Results:

• No significant differences in post-vaccinal reactions were observed between Tetanus vaccine alone and in combination with Typhoid vaccine.
• Similarly, no differences in reactogenicity were found between unadsorbed and adsorbed Tetanus vaccine formulations.
• The intradermal Tetanus booster (10 Lf/0.1 ml) was immunogenic, inducing protective titers in all subjects that persisted for at least one year.

Conclusions:

• Intradermal Tetanus toxoid booster immunization is safe and well-tolerated, with or without co-administration of Typhoid vaccine.
• The unadsorbed Tetanus vaccine formulation demonstrated effective and sustained immunogenicity via the intradermal route.
• Intradermal Tetanus vaccination represents a viable strategy for booster immunization programs.