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Infections caused by Scedosporium spp

Karoll J Cortez1, Emmanuel Roilides, Flavio Quiroz-Telles

  • 1Immunocompromised Host Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|January 19, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Scedosporium species cause difficult-to-treat infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Treatment varies, with Scedosporium prolificans often requiring surgery and immunosuppression reversal.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunocompromised Host

Background:

  • Scedosporium species are emerging pathogens causing severe infections in immunocompromised patients.
  • These fungi manifest in various conditions, from colonization to disseminated disease, affecting lungs, sinuses, bones, eyes, and brain.
  • Key species include Scedosporium apiospermum and Scedosporium prolificans, with Pseudallescheria boydii being the teleomorph of S. apiospermum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the spectrum of Scedosporium infections.
  • To discuss diagnostic challenges and advances.
  • To outline current and potential therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Scedosporium infections.
  • Analysis of species identification and taxonomy.
  • Summary of clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Scedosporium infections present diverse clinical syndromes and are often resistant to antifungals.
  • S. apiospermum and P. boydii may respond to triazoles, while S. prolificans infections are challenging.
  • Innate immunity plays a crucial role in host defense against Scedosporium.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and species identification are critical for effective management of Scedosporium infections.
  • Treatment strategies must be tailored to the specific species and patient's immune status.
  • S. prolificans infections frequently necessitate multimodal approaches including surgery and immunosuppression reversal.

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