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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells
09:51

Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells

Published on: May 18, 2018

Multicenter study on in vitro characterization of dendritic cells.

H Eichler1, X D Nguyen, D Roelen

  • 1Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Cytotherapy
|January 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary

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Standardizing quality control for dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccines is crucial. This study found nucleated cell counts and immunophenotyping showed consistent results across labs, but viability testing requires further investigation for reliable standardization.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biotechnology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Growing interest in *in vitro*-expanded dendritic cells (DCs) for cancer immunotherapy necessitates standardized quality control (QC) for cellular vaccines.
  • Existing methods for *in vitro* DC preparation vary significantly, highlighting the need for consistent characterization and QC protocols.
  • A pilot study was conducted to assess basic QC parameters for frozen/thawed DCs across multiple centers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare test results for cell counts, immunophenotyping, and cell viability of frozen/thawed DCs across different laboratories.
  • To investigate the feasibility of standardizing non-functional QC assays for dendritic cell vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Monocytes (CD14+) were isolated from healthy volunteers and expanded *in vitro* into DCs using a standardized protocol.

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Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy
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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells
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Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells

Published on: May 18, 2018

Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus
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Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus

Published on: March 28, 2025

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy
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Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

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  • Cryopreserved DCs and reagents were distributed to eight international laboratories for parallel testing.
  • Participants performed predefined QC assays, including nucleated cell counts, immunophenotyping, and viability testing.

    • Main Results:

    • Nucleated cell (NC) counts of thawed DC vaccines yielded comparable results across most sites using various hematology analyzers (HA).
    • Immunophenotyping for surface antigens (CD1a, CD14, CD16, CD83, CD86, HLA-DR) showed acceptable variation between laboratories when using identical antibody clones.
    • Significant variability was observed in cell viability measurements of thawed DCs using 7-amino-actinomycin D (7-AAD) flow cytometry.

    Conclusions:

    • Standardization of NC counts via HA and immunophenotyping using consistent reagents is achievable for frozen/thawed DC vaccines.
    • The high variability in 7-AAD viability testing necessitates further investigation to identify and address the underlying causes.
    • Further research is required to establish reliable and standardized viability assessment methods for dendritic cell vaccines.