Atherosclerosis-underlying inflammatory mechanisms and clinical implications

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Science
• Immunology
• Pathology

Background:

• Inflammation is crucial in atherosclerosis development and progression.
• Unstable atherosclerotic plaques show increased leukocyte infiltration compared to stable ones.
• T cell responses, cytokines, and chemokines are key inflammatory mediators.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the pro-inflammatory processes in atherosclerosis.
• To review the anti-inflammatory processes in atherosclerosis.
• To discuss the clinical implications of these inflammatory processes.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in atherosclerosis.
• Analysis of the role of leukocyte infiltration and T cell responses.
• Examination of clinical implications and current management strategies.

Main Results:

• Atherosclerotic plaque destabilization is linked to heightened inflammation and leukocyte infiltration.
• T cell-mediated immune responses significantly contribute to the inflammatory milieu.
• Emerging anti-inflammatory markers offer potential therapeutic insights.

Conclusions:

• Understanding inflammation's dual role is vital for managing atherosclerosis.
• Targeting inflammatory pathways presents therapeutic opportunities.
• Further research into anti-inflammatory markers is warranted for clinical application.