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Glucose control and the inflammatory response.

Bryan Collier1, Lesly A Dossett, Addison K May

  • 1Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, 1211 21st Avenue, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 404 Medical Arts Building, Nashville, TN 37212, USA. bryan.collier@vanderbilt.edu

Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|January 22, 2008
PubMed
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Stress hyperglycemia, or elevated blood glucose during critical illness, is linked to inflammation. Lowering glucose levels and using insulin therapy may reduce inflammation and improve patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Stress hyperglycemia, first described over 130 years ago, has gained recent attention.
  • Earlier views suggested hyperglycemia might be beneficial in acute settings, but current evidence indicates otherwise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms linking stress hyperglycemia to patient outcomes.
  • To understand the role of inflammation in stress hyperglycemia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on stress hyperglycemia and critical illness.
  • Analysis of the relationship between glucose levels, insulin therapy, and inflammatory processes.

Main Results:

  • Lower glucose levels correlate with improved patient outcomes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Hyperglycemia exacerbates inflammation and negatively impacts the innate immune system.
  • Insulin therapy and lower glucose values exhibit anti-inflammatory effects.

    • Conclusions:

    • Understanding the pathophysiology of stress hyperglycemia, including the stress response and inflammatory modulation, is crucial.
    • Improved management of critically ill and injured patients may stem from better control of stress hyperglycemia and its inflammatory consequences.