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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Published on: January 25, 2016

Sudden death in competitive athletes.

Fabio Pigozzi¹, Marta Rizzo

¹Laboratory of Sports Medicine, Health Sciences Department, University Institute of Movement Sciences, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00194 Rome, Italy. fabio.pigozzi@iusm.it

Clinics in Sports Medicine

|January 22, 2008

Summary

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in athletes is rare but tragic, often caused by underlying heart conditions. Causes vary by age, with younger athletes facing congenital issues and older athletes experiencing coronary artery disease.

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Area of Science:

Sports Cardiology
Cardiovascular Pathology
Athletic Health

Background:

Sudden death in athletes, though infrequent, is a significant concern.
Cardiovascular diseases account for up to 90% of these tragic events, termed sudden cardiac death (SCD).
The etiology of SCD in athletes is strongly age-dependent.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the primary cardiac causes of sudden cardiac death in athletes.
To briefly summarize non-cardiac causes of sudden death in this population.
To discuss current pre-participation screening strategies, highlighting the Italian experience.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on cardiac causes of SCD in athletes.
Analysis of age-related differences in SCD etiology.
Examination of pre-participation screening protocols.

Main Results:

In young athletes (<35 years), congenital heart diseases like hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, and coronary artery anomalies are leading causes.
In older athletes (>35 years), coronary artery disease is the predominant cause of SCD.
Non-cardiac causes and screening strategies were also summarized.

Conclusions:

Understanding age-specific causes of SCD is crucial for prevention in athletes.
Pre-participation screening plays a vital role in identifying at-risk individuals.
The Italian screening model offers valuable insights for global implementation.