Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
Ascites01:19

Ascites

DefinitionAscites is the buildup of fluid inside the peritoneal cavity. It occurs when fluid moves out of the vascular system faster than the peritoneal lymphatics can remove it. This fluid shift is most commonly seen in liver cirrhosis but can also appear in several other systemic disorders.EtiologyCirrhosis remains the leading cause of ascites. Other conditions that can contribute include:Heart failureConstrictive pericarditisAbdominal cancersNephrotic syndromeSevere protein–calorie...
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion01:22

Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

The kidneys maintain homeostasis through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Tubular reabsorption and secretion are crucial in forming urine and regulating electrolytes, water balance, and waste elimination.Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion ProcessesTubular reabsorption is the process that reclaims essential substances such as electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and water from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream. This is achieved through passive and active transport...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neurourologic Outcomes in Men With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Neurourology and urodynamics·2026
Same author

Vagina-sparing metoidioplasty: technique and outcomes.

The journal of sexual medicine·2026
Same author

Overactive Bladder After Gender-affirming Vaginoplasty.

Urology·2026
Same author

High-resolution spatial mapping of cell state and lineage dynamics in vivo with PEtracer.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

High-resolution spatial mapping of cell state and lineage dynamics <i>in vivo</i> with PEtracer.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Impact of vaginectomy technique on the outcomes of transmasculine gender affirming surgery.

The journal of sexual medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
10:19

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Published on: August 9, 2012

The pathophysiology of large capacity bladder.

Rajveer S Purohit1, Jerry G Blaivas, Kamron L Saleem

  • 1Urocenter, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA. rajpu@yahoo.com

The Journal of Urology
|January 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A large capacity bladder often results from multiple causes, including bladder outlet obstruction and impaired detrusor contractility. Identifying and treating these underlying conditions is crucial for effective management.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
10:19

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Published on: August 9, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Large capacity bladder (LCB) is characterized by a cystometric bladder capacity exceeding 700 ml.
  • Understanding the underlying pathophysiology and urodynamic findings is essential for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and urodynamic findings in patients presenting with a large capacity bladder.
  • To identify common etiological factors and associated conditions contributing to LCB.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, observational study of 100 consecutive patients with voiding dysfunction and LCB (>700 ml capacity).
  • Evaluation of clinical data, cystometric bladder capacity, and urodynamic parameters.
  • Definition of bladder outlet obstruction and impaired detrusor contractility using established nomograms (Schaefer for men, Blaivas-Groutz for women).

Main Results:

  • The study included 56 men and 44 women (median age 75 years) with bladder capacities ranging from 700 to 5,013 ml.
  • Primary diagnoses included bladder outlet obstruction (48%), impaired detrusor contractility (11%), absent detrusor contractility (24%), and normal studies (17%).
  • Common associated conditions were benign prostatic enlargement (men) and pelvic organ prolapse (women).

Conclusions:

  • The etiology of large capacity bladder is multifactorial, often involving potentially remediable conditions.
  • LCB can be associated with bladder outlet obstruction, impaired/absent detrusor contractility, or normal urodynamic findings.
  • Detrusor contractions, when present, typically occur at very large bladder volumes, emphasizing the need for complete bladder filling during cystometry.