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Related Concept Videos

General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region02:40

The Eukaryotic Promoter Region

The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences.  The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region02:40

The Eukaryotic Promoter Region

The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences.  The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

High Sensitivity Measurement of Transcription Factor-DNA Binding Affinities by Competitive Titration Using Fluorescence Microscopy
06:38

High Sensitivity Measurement of Transcription Factor-DNA Binding Affinities by Competitive Titration Using Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: February 7, 2019

Structural changes in TAF4b-TFIID correlate with promoter selectivity.

Wei-Li Liu1, Robert A Coleman, Patricia Grob

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Li Ka-Shing Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Molecular Cell
|January 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The transcription factor TAF4b alters the structure of the TFIID complex, changing how it interacts with other proteins and promoters. This TAF4b-induced structural change reprograms promoter specificity, impacting gene transcription.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

High Sensitivity Measurement of Transcription Factor-DNA Binding Affinities by Competitive Titration Using Fluorescence Microscopy
06:38

High Sensitivity Measurement of Transcription Factor-DNA Binding Affinities by Competitive Titration Using Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: February 7, 2019

Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis
09:58

Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis

Published on: June 27, 2020

High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins
07:44

High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins

Published on: August 26, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Proper ovarian development depends on the transcription factor TAF4b, a component of the TFIID complex.
  • TAF4b is crucial for regulating gene expression.
  • The TFIID complex recognizes core promoters and is essential for transcription initiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the 3D structure of the TAF4b-containing TFIID complex (4b/4-IID).
  • To compare the structure and function of 4b/4-IID with the prototypic TFIID complex.
  • To understand how TAF4b influences TFIID's interactions and promoter specificity.

Main Methods:

  • 3.5 Å structure determination of the 4b/4-IID complex using electron microscopy and single-particle reconstruction.
  • Comparison of 3D structures of TFIID and 4b/4-IID.
  • Functional assays to assess activator-dependent transcription and promoter recognition.

Main Results:

  • The structure of the 4b/4-IID complex was determined.
  • TAF4b incorporation opens a specific lobe of the TFIID complex, affecting TFIIA and activator interactions.
  • This structural change correlates with altered activator-dependent transcription and promoter recognition.

Conclusions:

  • TAF4b binding induces significant localized structural changes in the TFIID complex.
  • These structural alterations lead to a TAF4b-mediated reprogramming of promoter specificity.
  • The findings provide insights into the structure-function relationships of TFIID and its role in cell-type-specific gene regulation.