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Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro
12:00

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro

Published on: July 5, 2017

Polyphenols, intracellular signalling and inflammation.

Carmela Santangelo1, Rosaria Varì, Beatrice Scazzocchio

  • 1Centro Nazionale per la Qualità degli Alimenti e per i Rischi Alimentari, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy. c.santan@iss.it

Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore Di Sanita
|January 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Dietary polyphenols, found in plants, combat excessive inflammation by modulating key signaling pathways. Understanding their mechanisms is vital for developing new anti-inflammatory therapies.

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Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro
12:00

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro

Published on: July 5, 2017

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Excessive inflammation is a key factor in numerous chronic diseases like cancer, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative conditions.
  • Botanical compounds, particularly phenolic compounds and polyphenols, exhibit significant anti-inflammatory properties.
  • These natural compounds influence cellular signaling pathways to achieve their beneficial effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on how dietary polyphenols from the Mediterranean diet control inflammatory signaling.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of phenolic compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific data.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms involving signal transduction pathways.
  • Focus on nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Polyphenols modulate pro-inflammatory gene expression, including cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, nitric oxide synthases, and cytokines.
  • These effects are primarily mediated through the nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
  • Dietary polyphenols demonstrate potential as prophylactic and therapeutic agents against inflammatory diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary polyphenols are potent modulators of inflammatory signaling pathways.
  • Understanding the molecular actions of polyphenols is essential for their application in disease prevention and treatment.
  • The Mediterranean diet is a rich source of anti-inflammatory polyphenols.