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Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma presents with a characteristic pattern of episodic respiratory symptoms that reflect underlying airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus hypersecretion. Although severity varies among individuals, certain clinical manifestations are considered hallmarks of the disorder and often guide diagnosis and assessment.Respiratory SymptomsA persistent cough is one of the most common early features of asthma. It is frequently dry and tends to worsen at night or in the early morning,...

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

Viral infection in asthma.

Shu Hashimoto¹, Ken Matsumoto, Yasuhiro Gon

¹Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. shuh@med.nihon-u.ac.jp

Allergology International : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology

|January 23, 2008

Summary

Respiratory virus infections in infancy can lead to asthma. These infections worsen asthma symptoms, and bronchial epithelial cells play a key role in airway inflammation during these viral infections.

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An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

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Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples

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Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions

Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions

Published on: September 22, 2023

Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Virology
Immunology

Background:

Respiratory virus infections are linked to asthma development and exacerbations.
Glucocorticosteroids are often insufficient for managing viral-induced asthma symptoms.
Airway inflammation involves various cells, mediators, and cytokines.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the intricate relationship between viral infections and bronchial asthma.
To elucidate the specific role of bronchial epithelial cells in viral infections within the context of asthma.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on the pathophysiology of viral infections in asthma.
Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in airway inflammation.

Main Results:

Bronchial epithelial cells are primary sites for respiratory virus replication.
These cells contribute to airway inflammation by releasing proinflammatory mediators.
Epithelial cell apoptosis impairs airway repair mechanisms.

Conclusions:

Bronchial epithelial cells are critical players in the pathophysiology of asthma exacerbations triggered by viral infections.
Understanding epithelial cell responses to viruses is vital for asthma management and treatment strategies.