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Related Concept Videos

Plant Cell Wall02:43

Plant Cell Wall

The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.Collenchyma and sclerenchyma cells, on the other hand, mainly occur in the outer layers of a plant's stems and leaves. These cells provide the plant with strength and support by either partially thickening their primary cell wall (i.e., collenchyma), or depositing a...
Plant Cell Wall01:07

Plant Cell Wall

Plant cells have a cell wall, a rigid outer covering that protects the cell and provides shape and support. During cell division, a mixture of enzymes, proteins, and glucose molecules is transported via vesicles to the center of the cell. These vesicles continuously fuse and build a cell plate between the dividing cells. As the cell plate matures, new polysaccharides are added to it to form the cell walls of the daughter cells. The predominant polysaccharide in the cell wall is cellulose, made...
Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose, and...
Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the parenchyma cells of...
Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition01:02

Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition

Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of disassembly and...
Archaeal Cell Wall01:29

Archaeal Cell Wall

Archaeal cell walls are structurally and compositionally distinct from their bacterial counterparts, lacking the characteristic peptidoglycan layer found in most bacteria. Instead, archaeal cell walls exhibit remarkable diversity, utilizing materials such as pseudomurein, polysaccharides, and proteins to construct their protective outer layers. This structural flexibility is closely tied to archaea's ecological adaptability.S-Layers: The Common Archaeal Cell WallThe S-layer is the most...

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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Glycan Profiling of Plant Cell Wall Polymers using Microarrays
12:30

Glycan Profiling of Plant Cell Wall Polymers using Microarrays

Published on: December 17, 2012

Recent advances in plant cell wall proteomics.

Elisabeth Jamet1, Cécile Albenne, Georges Boudart

  • 1UMR 5546 CNRS-Université Toulouse III, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, Castanet-Tolosan, France. jamet@scsv.ups-tlse.fr

Proteomics
|January 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Plant cell walls contain diverse proteins (CWPs) crucial for development and defense. Proteomics reveals enzymes, signaling proteins, and novel functions, highlighting cell wall plasticity and complex regulation.

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Structural Characterization of Mannan Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Plants Using PACE

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Glycan Profiling of Plant Cell Wall Polymers using Microarrays
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Fluorescent Immunolocalization of Arabinogalactan Proteins and Pectins in the Cell Wall of Plant Tissues
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Structural Characterization of Mannan Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Plants Using PACE
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Structural Characterization of Mannan Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Plants Using PACE

Published on: October 16, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Plant cell walls, composed of polysaccharides like cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectins, form essential structural and defense barriers.
  • Cell wall proteomics has identified approximately 400 Arabidopsis cell wall proteins (CWPs), representing a significant portion of the plant cell wall proteome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of plant cell wall proteins (CWPs) and their functions.
  • To highlight the insights gained from cell wall proteomics regarding cell wall plasticity, signaling, and novel protein functions.
  • To discuss recent advancements in characterizing post-translational modifications (PTMs) and protein structures within the cell wall.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis of plant cell walls, specifically in Arabidopsis.
  • Characterization of post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as N- and O-glycosylations.
  • Determination of 3-D structures of CWPs and their interactions.

Main Results:

  • The diversity of polysaccharide-acting enzymes suggests significant cell wall plasticity.
  • Identified CWPs, including proteases and hydrolytic enzymes, may generate signaling molecules.
  • Discovery of proteins with unknown functions indicates novel roles for cell walls.
  • Characterization of PTMs and 3-D structures has improved understanding of CWP structure and interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Plant cell walls possess a complex proteome with diverse enzymatic and signaling functions.
  • Post-translational modifications and structural studies are crucial for understanding CWP regulation and interactions.
  • Future research should focus on identifying recalcitrant CWPs, mapping the cell wall interactome, and elucidating specific CWP functions.