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Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

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Not yet human: implicit knowledge, historical dehumanization, and contemporary consequences.

Phillip Atiba Goff¹, Jennifer L Eberhardt, Melissa J Williams

¹Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-2130, USA. philgoff@psu.edu

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

|January 24, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

US citizens implicitly associate Black individuals with apes, influencing perceptions and judgments in criminal justice. This subtle bias affects visual processing and increases support for violence against Black suspects.

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Area of Science:

Social Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Criminal Justice Studies

Background:

Historical dehumanizing representations of Black individuals as apelike have diminished.
A persistent implicit association between Black people and apes remains in the United States.

Observation:

Laboratory studies reveal that U.S. citizens exhibit an implicit Black-ape association.
This implicit association impacts cognitive processes, including visual perception and attention.

Findings:

The Black-ape association significantly alters judgments in criminal justice contexts, increasing endorsement of violence against Black suspects.
Archival analysis of capital crime cases shows news articles about Black convicts are more likely to use ape-relevant language than those about White convicts.
Individuals implicitly portrayed as more apelike in media are disproportionately more likely to face execution.

Implications:

Understanding subtle, persistent historical representations is crucial for research on dehumanization, stereotyping, and implicit bias.
This research highlights previously unrecognized forms of systemic discrimination.
Findings underscore the need to address implicit biases in media and the criminal justice system to ensure equitable treatment.