Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Volatilization

Volatilization

Volatilization gravimetry is an analytical technique that measures the mass lost due to the volatilization of the substance. This technique is used to estimate the amount of volatile material in a sample. To perform this method, heat a known amount of the sample to a high temperature in a crucible or other suitable vessel. The volatile substance in the sample evaporates, and the vapor is completely expelled from the crucible either by heating the sample or bubbling a stream of inert gas through...

Mass Spectrometry: Branched Alkane Fragmentation

Mass Spectrometry: Branched Alkane Fragmentation

This lesson delves into the mass spectrometry of branched alkane fragmentation. Branched alkanes possess secondary or tertiary carbon atoms, which generate relatively stable carbocations if the cleavage occurs at the branching point. The high stability of carbocations drives the instant fragmentation of branched alkanes. Accordingly, the branched alkane's molecular ion peak is very weak or invisible in the mass spectra, especially in comparison to a linear alkane.

Mass Spectrometry: Cycloalkane Fragmentation

Mass Spectrometry: Cycloalkane Fragmentation

In mass spectrometry, cycloalkanes exhibit distinct fragmentation patterns due to the inherent stability of their molecular ions compared to linear or branched alkanes. The ring structure of cycloalkanes provides additional stability to the molecular ions, often resulting in prominent ion peaks in the mass spectrum.
For example, cyclohexane molecular ions have a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of 84, which tends to produce a stronger signal than linear alkanes like hexane. This stability comes from...

Combustion Energy: A Measure of Stability in Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Combustion Energy: A Measure of Stability in Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

The low reactivity in alkanes can be attributed to the non-polar nature of C–C and C–H σ bonds. Alkanes, therefore, were initially termed as “paraffins,” derived from the Latin words: parum, meaning “too little,” and affinis, meaning “affinity.”
Alkanes undergo combustion in the presence of excess oxygen and high-temperature conditions to give carbon dioxide and water. A combustion reaction is the energy source in natural gas, liquified petroleum gas (LPG), fuel oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, and...

Mass Spectrometry: Long-Chain Alkane Fragmentation

Mass Spectrometry: Long-Chain Alkane Fragmentation

The molecular ions of linear alkanes prefer to fragment at the carbon-carbon bond away from the end of the chain since the cleavage of an inner bond creates a stable carbocation and a stable radical. Consequently, the mass signals of linear alkanes feature intense peaks in the middle of the mass-to-charge ratio plot with weaker peaks on either end. The fragmentation of each carbon-carbon bond with the release of a methyl group in each splitting leads to prominent peaks in the mass spectra...

Biosynthesis of Lipids

Biosynthesis of Lipids

Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, which...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Comparative transcriptome profiling of potato cultivars infected by late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans: Diversity of quantitative and qualitative responses.

Genomics·2023

Same author

Variation in Leaf Volatile Emissions in Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) Cultivars with Different Late Blight Resistance.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2023

Same author

Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome.

Nature communications·2020

Same author

Substantial understory contribution to the C sink of a European temperate mountain forest landscape.

Landscape ecology·2020

Same author

Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size-related traits across the tundra biome.

Global ecology and biogeography : a journal of macroecology·2019

Same author

[Prewarming according to the AWMF S3 guidelines on preventing inadvertant perioperative hypothermia 2014 : Retrospective analysis of 7786 patients].

Der Anaesthesist·2017

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Combustion Chemistry of Fuels: Quantitative Speciation Data Obtained from an Atmospheric High-temperature Flow Reactor with Coupled Molecular-beam Mass Spectrometer

Combustion Chemistry of Fuels: Quantitative Speciation Data Obtained from an Atmospheric High-temperature Flow Reactor with Coupled Molecular-beam Mass Spectrometer

Published on: February 19, 2018

Modeling volatile isoprenoid emissions--a story with split ends.

R Grote¹, U Niinemets

¹Research Center Karlsruhe GmbH, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Kreuzeckbahnstrasse 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. ruediger.grote@imk.fzk.de

Plant Biology (Stuttgart, Germany)

|January 24, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Predicting plant volatile isoprenoid emissions is crucial for atmospheric modeling. Current models are split, but combining empirical and process-based approaches can improve accuracy in a changing environment.

More Related Videos

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

Published on: December 18, 2011

Transient Expression in Nicotiana Benthamiana Leaves for Triterpene Production at a Preparative Scale

Transient Expression in Nicotiana Benthamiana Leaves for Triterpene Production at a Preparative Scale

Published on: August 16, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Combustion Chemistry of Fuels: Quantitative Speciation Data Obtained from an Atmospheric High-temperature Flow Reactor with Coupled Molecular-beam Mass Spectrometer

Combustion Chemistry of Fuels: Quantitative Speciation Data Obtained from an Atmospheric High-temperature Flow Reactor with Coupled Molecular-beam Mass Spectrometer

Published on: February 19, 2018

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

Published on: December 18, 2011

Transient Expression in Nicotiana Benthamiana Leaves for Triterpene Production at a Preparative Scale

Transient Expression in Nicotiana Benthamiana Leaves for Triterpene Production at a Preparative Scale

Published on: August 16, 2018

Area of Science:

Atmospheric chemistry and plant physiology
Biogeochemical cycles and climate modeling

Background:

Volatile isoprenoid emissions from plants influence atmospheric ozone and aerosols.
Accurate flux prediction is vital for climate and air quality estimations.
Progress has been made in understanding emission controls and scaling.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize and compare approaches for simulating volatile isoprenoid emissions.
To evaluate current modeling strategies for scaling emissions to forest canopies.
To identify future directions for improving emission predictions.

Main Methods:

Review and comparison of empirical (e.g., Guenther algorithms) and process-based models.
Analysis of scaling methods from leaf to regional levels.
Assessment of environmental and physiological controls on emissions.

Main Results:

Current modeling efforts are fragmented, with separate empirical and process-based developments.
Empirical models are successful at regional scales but may fail in dynamic environments.
Process-based models linked with plant physiology show potential for capturing environmental changes.

Conclusions:

A unified approach merging empirical and process-based models is needed.
Dynamic plant acclimation and feedback effects require further investigation.
Improved models are essential for reliable long-term predictions in a changing climate.