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Published on: April 7, 2023
Propofol restores brain microvascular function impaired by high glucose via the decrease in oxidative stress.
Katsutoshi Nakahata1, Hiroyuki Kinoshita, Toshiharu Azma
1Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Anesthesiology
|January 24, 2008
Summary
High glucose impairs cerebral arteriole dilation, but propofol restores it by reducing superoxide levels. This suggests propofol protects against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress in the brain.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Vascular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Hyperglycemia-induced vascular dysfunction in cerebral circulation remains understudied.
- Investigating the role of nitric oxide synthase in high glucose-impaired cerebral vasodilation.
- Examining propofol's potential to restore vasodilation by reducing brain superoxide levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if high glucose impairs cerebral parenchymal arteriole dilation via nitric oxide synthase.
- To assess propofol's efficacy in recovering this impaired vasodilation.
- To investigate the mechanism involving superoxide reduction by propofol.
Main Methods:
- Rat brain slices with cerebral parenchymal arterioles were analyzed using computer-assisted videomicroscopy.
- Vasodilation induced by acetylcholine was measured after incubation with D-glucose, L-glucose, or propofol.
- Superoxide production was quantified using dihydroethidium fluorescence.
Main Results:
- D-glucose, not L-glucose, reduced acetylcholine-induced arteriolar dilation, which was blocked by a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor.
- Propofol and Tempol (superoxide dismutase mimetic) restored dilation in D-glucose-treated slices.
- D-glucose increased superoxide production; propofol, Tempol, and apocynin (NADPH oxidase inhibitor) reduced it.
Conclusions:
- Propofol at clinical concentrations improves nitric oxide synthase-dependent dilation impaired by high glucose in cerebral arterioles.
- Propofol mitigates cerebral microvascular dysfunction caused by oxidative stress from acute hyperglycemia.
- Propofol shows potential protective effects against hyperglycemia-related cerebral microvascular damage.
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