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The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System

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Evaluating wastewater-induced plant genotoxicity using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA.

K M Swaileh¹, R Hussein, A Ezzughayyar

¹Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestinian Authority. kswaileh@birzeit.edu

Environmental Toxicology

|January 25, 2008

Summary

Irrigating oat plants with wastewater, even after treatment, can cause genotoxic effects. Raw wastewater irrigation showed more significant DNA changes in oat plants compared to treated wastewater, indicating higher genotoxicity.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Molecular Biology
Plant Science

Background:

Genotoxic substances in wastewater can persist through treatment processes.
Wastewater irrigation poses potential risks to crop plants and soil health.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the genotoxic effects of raw wastewater (RWW) and treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation on oat plants (Avena sativa).
To compare the genotoxicity levels of RWW and TWW on plant DNA using molecular markers.

Main Methods:

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology was employed.
15 primers were used to analyze DNA profiles of oat plants under different irrigation treatments.
Analysis included band appearance/disappearance, Euclidean distances, and similarity indices.

Main Results:

Both RWW and TWW exhibited genotoxic effects on oat plants, evidenced by changes in RAPD profiles.
RWW irrigation resulted in more significant DNA alterations (51 new bands, 19 lost) than TWW irrigation (16 new bands, 17 lost).
Dendrogram analysis clustered control plants with TWW-irrigated plants, separating them from RWW-irrigated plants.

Conclusions:

Treated wastewater is less genotoxic to oat plants than raw wastewater.
Wastewater irrigation, particularly RWW, can induce significant genetic variability in oat plants.
RAPD is a sensitive method for detecting genotoxic effects of environmental contaminants on plants.