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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation
12:55

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Published on: December 9, 2021

Cell model of inflammation.

Jocelyne Franchi1, Clarisse Marteau, Claire Crola da Silva

  • 1Laboratoires de Recherche et Développement, LVMH Branche Parfums et Cosmétiques, 45804 Saint Jean de Braye, France.

Bioscience Reports
|January 25, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new in vitro model for skin inflammation, simulating keratinocyte activation and leucocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. This model aids in screening anti-inflammatory drugs by mimicking human skin

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chemical and physical stimuli initiate skin inflammation by activating keratinocytes, leading to mediator release.
  • This activation influences cell communication, including leucocyte recruitment and extravasation across vascular endothelial cells (ECs).
  • Understanding these early inflammatory steps is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel in vitro model of human skin inflammation.
  • To investigate the sequential events from keratinocyte activation to leucocyte adhesion to dermal endothelial cells.
  • To establish a screening platform for anti-inflammatory molecules within a relevant cellular context.

Main Methods:

  • Human adult keratinocytes were exposed to stress (UV irradiation or neuropeptides).
  • Conditioned media from stressed keratinocytes were used to treat dermal capillary endothelial cells (ECs).
  • Leucocyte recruitment and adhesion to ECs were analyzed in this co-culture system.

Main Results:

  • The study successfully modeled key steps of skin inflammation in vitro.
  • Dermal ECs demonstrated selective responses to stress and mediator profiles compared to other EC lines.
  • The model effectively showed leucocyte recruitment and adhesion, highlighting the importance of specific skin cell interactions.

Conclusions:

  • A simplified, relevant in vitro model of human skin inflammation has been established.
  • This model accurately reflects cell-specific responses within the skin microenvironment.
  • The model is suitable for screening anti-inflammatory compounds that necessitate interactions between multiple skin cell types.