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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Membrane Proteins01:16

Introduction to Membrane Proteins

The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is an ever-changing landscape. It is described as a fluid mosaic where various macromolecules are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. Among the macromolecules are proteins. The protein content varies across cell types. For example, mitochondrial inner membranes contain ~76% protein content, while myelin contains ~18% protein content. Individual cells contain many types of membrane proteins—red blood cells contain over 50—and different cell types have...
Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the anterior...
Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER01:28

Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER

Biological membranes are more than just a barrier separating cell cytoplasm from the outside environment. They are highly dynamic and help maintain the integrity and physiological stability of the cells as well as membrane-bound organelles. Membranes also play vital roles in cell-to-cell and intracellular communication.
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with cytoskeletal...

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Updated: May 11, 2026

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions
10:58

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Published on: July 27, 2017

Membrane recognition by phospholipid-binding domains.

Mark A Lemmon1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 809C Stellar-Chance Laboratories, 422 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6059, USA. mlemmon@mail.med.upenn.edu

Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology
|January 25, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Globular domains like pleckstrin homology and C2 domains regulate cellular membrane binding. Understanding these interactions is key to cell localization, membrane dynamics, and trafficking.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Many globular protein domains interact with cellular membranes.
  • Pleckstrin homology (PH) and C2 domains are large families involved in membrane binding.
  • This binding is crucial for cellular functions but often tightly regulated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which diverse globular domains bind to cellular membranes.
  • To identify the specific phospholipid components and features recognized by these domains.
  • To understand the regulatory processes controlling protein-membrane interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of crystal structures of globular domains.
  • In vitro binding studies to assess domain-membrane interactions.
  • Subcellular localization studies to observe in vivo binding patterns.

Main Results:

  • Structural and binding data reveal specific recognition of membrane features by domains.
  • Subcellular localization confirms regulated binding critical for cellular localization.
  • Insights into how protein localization and membrane trafficking are controlled.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding globular domain-membrane interactions is vital for cell biology.
  • These interactions regulate protein localization, membrane topography, and trafficking.
  • Further research into these mechanisms will advance knowledge of cellular processes.