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Decreasing trend in postneonatal mortality.

A Turlington1, J E Hodgman, L Barton

  • 1USC Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Women's and Children's Hospital, LAC+USC Medical Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|January 25, 2008
PubMed
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Postneonatal infant mortality is decreasing as a percentage of total nursery deaths. Leading causes include complications of prematurity and congenital defects, highlighting areas for improved infant care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Postneonatal mortality, defined as infant deaths occurring after 28 days of life, remains a critical area of focus in infant healthcare.
  • Previous reports indicated a higher percentage of postneonatal deaths within institutional settings.
  • Evaluating trends and causes of postneonatal mortality is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the trend in postneonatal mortality rate between 1999 and 2006.
  • To identify and analyze the primary causes of death in infants during the postneonatal period.
  • To compare current findings with historical data from 1993-1998.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of infant deaths occurring at or after 28 days of age before nursery discharge.

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  • Analysis of clinical data and autopsy records for all identified cases.
  • Determination of the definitive cause of death for each infant.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 211 nursery deaths were recorded over seven years, with 14 (6.6%) occurring in the postneonatal period.
    • This represents a significant decrease from the 12% reported in the prior period (1993-1998).
    • Primary causes of death were complications of prematurity (e.g., chronic lung disease, surgical complications, intraventricular hemorrhage) and congenital defects (e.g., trisomy 21, heart defects, hydranencephaly).

    Conclusions:

    • Postneonatal mortality, as a proportion of total nursery deaths, is declining.
    • Complications related to prematurity and congenital anomalies remain the principal causes of postneonatal infant mortality.
    • Continued efforts in neonatal intensive care and management of congenital conditions are crucial.