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Second generation antipsychotics and risk of diabetes type II--comparison between olanzapine and risperidone

Pavo Filaković1, Oliver Koić, Davor Laufer

  • 1University Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Osijek", Osijek, Croatia. filakovic.pavo@kbo.hr

Collegium Antropologicum
|January 26, 2008
PubMed

Insights

This study found that olanzapine and risperidone antipsychotics can impair glucose metabolism in schizophrenia patients, primarily through insulin resistance. This highlights a significant risk factor for developing type II diabetes in these individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia treatment often involves antipsychotic medications like olanzapine and risperidone.
  • These medications are associated with metabolic side effects, including glucose dysregulation.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for managing patient health and preventing comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare glucose metabolism differences between schizophrenia patients on olanzapine and risperidone.
  • To identify potential mechanisms underlying impaired glucose metabolism in these patient groups.
  • To assess the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance in patients receiving these antipsychotics.

Main Methods:

  • An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered.
  • Study groups included 15 patients on olanzapine, 15 on risperidone, and 14 healthy volunteers.
  • Glucose levels and insulin response were analyzed to assess glucose tolerance.

Main Results:

  • Impaired glucose tolerance was observed in 33% of patients treated with olanzapine.
  • Impaired glucose tolerance was observed in 20% of patients treated with risperidone.
  • Hyperinsulinemia was the predominant manifestation of impaired glucose tolerance.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin resistance is a key mechanism driving impaired glucose metabolism in schizophrenia patients on antipsychotics.
  • Antipsychotic-induced weight gain and direct effects on glucose metabolism contribute to insulin resistance.
  • These findings underscore the importance of monitoring metabolic health in patients undergoing antipsychotic therapy.

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