Time-harmonic impedance tomography using the T-matrix method

A time-harmonic formulation for the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) inverse problem accounting for electrodynamic effects is derived. This work abandons the standard electrostatic impedance model for a full-wave T-matrix model. The advantage of this method is an accurate physical model that includes finite frequency effects, such as diffusion phenomena, and electrode contact impedance effects. This model offers the potential for increased resolution and larger invertible contrast objects than other methods when used on experimental data, because it may represent a more realistic physical model. Also, an accurate gradient matrix is used in the Newton iterative method so the image reconstruction converges in a few iterations. These advantages are realized with no increase in the computational complexity of this algorithm, compared to the static finite element model. A calibration technique is suggested for measurement systems, to test the validity of a theoretical model that includes electrode contact impedance effects.