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Related Concept Videos

Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-protein Interfaces

Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a polypeptide...
Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term proteomics...
Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Genome-wide Protein-protein Interaction Screening by Protein-fragment Complementation Assay (PCA) in Living Cells
08:38

Genome-wide Protein-protein Interaction Screening by Protein-fragment Complementation Assay (PCA) in Living Cells

Published on: March 3, 2015

Advanced technologies for studies on protein interactomes.

Hongtao Guan1, Endre Kiss-Toth

  • 1Cardiovascular Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop road, S10 2JF, Sheffield, UK.

Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology
|January 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Assigning gene function is crucial in post-genomic biology. This review highlights advances in technologies for identifying protein-protein interactions and gene functions, aiding gene function annotation.

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Genome-wide Protein-protein Interaction Screening by Protein-fragment Complementation Assay (PCA) in Living Cells
08:38

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Proteomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Post-genomic era presents challenges in assigning functions to newly discovered genes.
  • Direct inference of gene function from coding sequences is limited.
  • Understanding protein-protein interactions is vital for elucidating protein function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent technological advancements in identifying protein-protein interactions.
  • To discuss the impact of these technologies on gene function annotation.
  • To provide an overview of methods for assigning functions to genes.

Main Methods:

  • Protein microarray
  • Yeast two-hybrid system
  • Mass spectrometry
  • Fluorescent techniques
  • Pull-down assays
  • RNAi knockdown
  • cDNA library screening

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in various protein-protein interaction detection technologies.
  • These advancements enhance the ability to map gene functions.
  • Improved methods facilitate more accurate gene function annotation.

Conclusions:

  • Technological advancements are crucial for addressing the challenge of gene function annotation.
  • A combination of interaction-based and functional screening methods offers comprehensive insights.
  • Continued development in these techniques will accelerate biological discovery.