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Related Concept Videos

DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Infinium Assay for Large-scale SNP Genotyping Applications
13:33

Infinium Assay for Large-scale SNP Genotyping Applications

Published on: November 19, 2013

Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms by arrayed primer extension.

Scott J Tebbutt1

  • 1James Hogg iCAPTURE Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|January 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microarray technology is increasingly used for DNA genotyping, specifically for single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. Mini-sequencing by arrayed primer extension offers a straightforward method for accurate genetic profiling.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Microarray applications have expanded beyond RNA expression profiling and proteomics.
  • DNA genotyping using microarrays has seen significant growth over the last five years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the utility of microarrays for DNA genotyping.
  • To describe a specific microarray genotyping technology: mini-sequencing by arrayed primer extension.

Main Methods:

  • Development of multiple array-based chemistries for genotyping single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
  • Utilizing dideoxynucleotide chemistry for mini-sequencing by arrayed primer extension.
  • Enzyme-catalyzed single base extension reaction dependent on template nucleic acid sequence.

Main Results:

  • Oligonucleotide probes on the array are extended by a single nucleotide.
  • Four different dideoxynucleotides, each with a unique fluorophore, enable detection.
  • Genotyping is achieved through spectral differentiation of extension products.

Conclusions:

  • Mini-sequencing by arrayed primer extension is a conceptually simple microarray genotyping technology.
  • This method allows for accurate DNA genotyping based on sequence-dependent single base extension.
  • Microarrays provide a versatile platform for SNP genotyping and genetic analysis.