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Cancer Vaccines

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Smallpox

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors

Published on: October 30, 2016

Poxvirus cancer therapy.

Philippe-Alexandre Gilbert¹, Grant McFadden

¹Robarts Research Institute, BioTherapeutics Research Group, Siebens-Drake Building Room 133, 1400 Western Road, London, Ontario, Canada N6G 2V4.

Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery

|January 29, 2008

Summary

Poxviruses, like vaccinia virus, are being developed as anti-cancer therapeutics. These recombinant viruses offer unique advantages for treating cancer, including genetic flexibility and safety, leading to new fields like oncolytic virotherapy.

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors

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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Oncology
Virology
Biotechnology

Background:

Cancer recurrence and metastasis remain significant challenges despite advances in treatment.
Molecular biology and tumor immunology have spurred the development of novel anti-cancer vaccines.
Recombinant viruses are emerging as promising therapeutic agents for various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the utilization of poxviruses as anti-cancer therapeutics.
To highlight recent patents (2000-2005) related to poxvirus-based cancer treatments.
To discuss the potential of viral vectors in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

Review of scientific literature and patent databases (2000-2005).
Focus on poxviruses, particularly vaccinia virus, as recombinant vectors.
Analysis of characteristics that make poxviruses suitable for anti-cancer applications.

Main Results:

Poxviruses possess large double-stranded DNA genomes, allowing extensive genetic manipulation.
Poxvirus-based vectors offer a high degree of safety for therapeutic use.
Innovative fields such as vaccine virotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy are emerging.

Conclusions:

Poxviruses, including vaccinia virus, are being actively investigated and utilized for cancer treatment.
The genetic tractability and safety profile of poxviruses make them valuable tools in cancer therapy.
Recent patents demonstrate ongoing innovation in poxvirus-based anti-cancer strategies.