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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis01:24

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
Streptococcal Pharyngitis01:27

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as “strep throat,” is an acute infection of the oropharyngeal tissues caused by the Gram‑positive Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, or talking.Mechanisms of Host Entry and Immune EvasionUpon entering the host, S. pyogenes adheres to the mucosal epithelial cells of the pharynx via surface proteins, notably lipoteichoic acid and the antiphagocytic...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...

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A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
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A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization

Published on: November 16, 2016

[Vertebral osteomyelitis due to Streptococcus agalactiae ST-17].

C Martinaud1, T Gaillard, B Graffin

  • 1Laboratoire de biologie, Hôpital d'instruction des armées Sainte-Anne, Toulon. martinaud_christophe@yahoo.fr

Annales De Biologie Clinique
|January 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) vertebral osteomyelitis is rare in healthy adults. This case report details a successful treatment of GBS vertebral osteomyelitis in a 49-year-old man, highlighting GBS

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A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Streptococcus agalactiae, or Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is primarily associated with neonatal and maternal infections.
  • Invasive GBS infections are increasingly reported in non-pregnant adults, particularly those with comorbidities like diabetes or cancer.
  • Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by GBS is an uncommon manifestation of invasive disease.

Observation:

  • A case of vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in a 49-year-old male patient with no apparent risk factors is presented.
  • The infecting strain was identified as serotype III, sequence type ST-17, indicating specific virulence characteristics.
  • The patient received prolonged antibiotic therapy.

Findings:

  • The study confirms the potential for Streptococcus agalactiae to cause vertebral osteomyelitis in otherwise healthy adults.
  • Virulence factor assessment identified the strain as serotype III, ST-17.
  • The patient experienced a favorable outcome following extended antibiotic treatment.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering GBS as a causative agent for vertebral osteomyelitis, even in the absence of typical risk factors.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management, including prolonged antibiotic therapy, are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Further research may elucidate the specific mechanisms and risk factors associated with GBS vertebral osteomyelitis in the adult population.