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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management01:26

Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management

Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation
08:56

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: September 24, 2021

Anaphylaxis during cardiac surgery: implications for clinicians.

Jerrold H Levy1, N Franklin Adkinson

  • 1Emory Hospital, 1364 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

Anesthesia and Analgesia
|January 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Perioperative anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction during surgery, presents as cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction. Cardiac surgery patients require vigilant monitoring and preparedness for prompt management of these critical events.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation
08:56

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: September 24, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Surgery

Background:

  • Patients undergoing surgery are exposed to numerous foreign substances, including anesthetic drugs, antibiotics, and blood products.
  • These substances can trigger life-threatening allergic reactions known as anaphylaxis, characterized by acute cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction.
  • Cardiac surgery patients, due to extensive monitoring, allow for rapid recognition and treatment of anaphylaxis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent concepts in understanding the incidence of perioperative anaphylaxis.
  • To discuss management approaches for patients at risk for anaphylaxis in the operating room.
  • To emphasize anaphylaxis in the context of cardiac surgical patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on perioperative anaphylaxis.
  • Focus on incidence and management strategies.
  • Emphasis on cardiac surgical patient populations.

Main Results:

  • Perioperative anaphylaxis is a risk associated with surgical exposures.
  • Early recognition and treatment are crucial, especially in cardiac surgery.
  • Cardiopulmonary bypass and arginine vasopressin are potential interventions for refractory cases.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians must be prepared for anaphylaxis during surgery, particularly with test doses.
  • Cardiopulmonary bypass is a life-saving option for hemodynamically unstable patients.
  • Arginine vasopressin may be considered for vasodilatory shock in anaphylaxis.