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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Giardiasis01:12

Giardiasis

Giardiasis is a globally prevalent intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia or G. intestinalis). This flagellated protozoan is the most frequently identified intestinal parasite in the United States and worldwide. Transmission primarily occurs via the fecal-oral route, with infection arising from ingestion of water or food contaminated with cysts. Individuals in low-resource settings, international travelers, outdoor enthusiasts, daycare...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

Celiac disease in India.

Surender Kumar Yachha1, Ujjal Poddar

  • 1Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow- 226 014, India. skyachha@sgpgi.ac.in

Indian Journal of Gastroenterology : Official Journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology
|January 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Celiac disease (CD) in India presents challenges in diagnosis and gluten-free food availability. However, a gluten-free diet significantly improves nutrition and growth in children with CD.

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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is increasingly recognized in India, with a higher prevalence reported in Northern regions.
  • Diagnosis is often delayed due to atypical presentations and limited awareness.
  • Genetic predisposition, particularly DR3-DQ2 haplotypes, is observed in Indian pediatric CD cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of celiac disease in India, encompassing both pediatric and adult populations.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and effective diagnostic tools for celiac disease.
  • To assess the impact of gluten-free diets on clinical and histological outcomes in children with celiac disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on celiac disease in India.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, including serological tests (IgA EMA, anti-tTG antibodies) and modified ESPGHAN criteria.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes, focusing on nutritional status, growth parameters, and small bowel histology following a gluten-free diet.

Main Results:

  • Celiac disease is predominantly reported from Northern India, with scattered cases elsewhere.
  • Delayed diagnosis is common, influenced by varied clinical presentations.
  • A gluten-free diet leads to significant nutritional and growth improvements in children, though small bowel histology may not fully normalize.
  • Dietary adherence is challenging due to the limited availability of labeled gluten-free products.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of celiac disease in India relies on serological tests and established criteria.
  • While gluten-free diets are effective for clinical management, challenges in food accessibility persist.
  • Further large-scale epidemiological studies are crucial to understand the true burden of celiac disease in India.