Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

A Ligated Intestinal Loop Model in Anesthetized Specific Pathogen Free Chickens to Study Clostridium Perfringens Virulence
09:21

A Ligated Intestinal Loop Model in Anesthetized Specific Pathogen Free Chickens to Study Clostridium Perfringens Virulence

Published on: October 11, 2018

Role of enteric fever in ileal perforations: an overstated problem in tropics?

M R Capoor1, D Nair, M S Chintamani

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi - 110 029, India.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
|January 30, 2008
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Enteric fever is rarely the cause of ileal perforations. Ulcer edge biopsy and lymph node cultures are vital for diagnosing the cause of ileal perforations, guiding antimicrobial therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Ileal perforations represent a significant surgical emergency.
  • The etiology of ileal perforations can be diverse, necessitating accurate diagnosis for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the etiological role of enteric fever in patients presenting with ileal perforations.
  • To identify the predominant bacterial pathogens responsible for ileal perforations.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 47 patients with ileal perforation.
  • Clinical examination, APACHE II scoring, and microbiological cultures (blood, ulcer edge biopsy, mesenteric lymph node, peritoneal aspirate) were performed.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted on isolated bacterial species.

Main Results:

  • The most common isolates were Escherichia coli (23.4%) and Enterococcus faecalis (21.3%).
  • Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (6.3%) and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A (4.2%) were infrequently isolated.
  • High isolation rates were observed from ulcer edge biopsies (70.2%) and lymph nodes (66%).
  • Mortality was 17%, with 14.9% requiring intensive care and 14.9% developing septicemia.

Conclusions:

  • Enteric fever pathogens are not the primary causative agents of ileal perforations.
  • Microbiological cultures of ulcer edge biopsies and lymph nodes are crucial for accurate etiological diagnosis.
  • APACHE II scoring aids in patient triaging, and antimicrobial selection should be guided by local susceptibility patterns.

More Related Videos

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis08:40

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis

Published on: September 22, 2019

Enteric Bacterial Invasion Of Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Vitro Is Dramatically Enhanced Using a Vertical Diffusion Chamber Model10:52

Enteric Bacterial Invasion Of Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Vitro Is Dramatically Enhanced Using a Vertical Diffusion Chamber Model

Published on: October 22, 2013

Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus.
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...