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Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
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Timecourse of recovery from task interruption: data and a model.

Erik M Altmann1, J Gregory Trafton

  • 1Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA. ema@msu.edu

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|January 31, 2008
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Recovering from task interruption involves a gradual cognitive process. The mental context is incrementally retrieved from memory, improving performance over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Memory and Learning

Background:

  • Interruptions disrupt complex cognitive tasks, leading to a perceived need for recovery.
  • Understanding the temporal dynamics of post-interruption performance is crucial for optimizing work environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the timecourse of cognitive recovery following task interruption.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of memory retrieval during post-interruption performance.
  • To explore potential learning effects influencing recovery patterns over time.

Main Methods:

  • Empirical measurement of response times across over 13,000 task interruptions.
  • Analysis of performance recovery patterns in the initial seconds following each interruption.
  • Development of a cognitive model based on incremental memory context retrieval.

Main Results:

  • Response times exhibited a smooth, curvilinear decrease for approximately 10 responses (15 seconds) post-interruption.
  • A learning effect was observed, where the recovery timecourse adapted across experimental blocks.
  • The findings align with theories positing incremental retrieval of displaced mental context.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive recovery from interruption is an incremental process of memory reactivation.
  • The observed pattern suggests a priming mechanism where retrieved context facilitates subsequent recall.
  • The model provides a framework for understanding expertise development and performance adaptation.