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Related Concept Videos

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)02:30

Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
09:39

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

Analysis of small endogenous RNAs.

Nelson C Lau1

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Current Protocols in Molecular Biology
|January 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Eukaryotic cells use small noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), to regulate gene expression. This study details methods for identifying and detecting these small RNAs and assessing miRNA-target interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic gene regulation involves small noncoding RNAs.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of messenger RNA (mRNA) targets.
  • Accurate detection and functional assessment of small RNAs are crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe standard and high-throughput methods for small RNA identification and detection.
  • To present a cell-based assay for evaluating miRNA-mediated gene regulation.
  • To enhance understanding of small noncoding RNA functions in eukaryotic cells.

Main Methods:

  • Review of standard laboratory techniques for small RNA analysis.
  • Discussion of high-throughput technologies for small RNA discovery.

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A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

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Improving Small RNA-seq: Less Bias and Better Detection of 2'-O-Methyl RNAs
08:49

Improving Small RNA-seq: Less Bias and Better Detection of 2'-O-Methyl RNAs

Published on: September 16, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
09:39

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools
09:29

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

Published on: August 21, 2019

Improving Small RNA-seq: Less Bias and Better Detection of 2'-O-Methyl RNAs
08:49

Improving Small RNA-seq: Less Bias and Better Detection of 2'-O-Methyl RNAs

Published on: September 16, 2019

  • Description of a reporter gene assay for miRNA target validation.

    • Main Results:

    • Provides a comprehensive overview of current small RNA detection methodologies.
    • Outlines a practical approach for assessing miRNA regulatory activity.
    • Highlights the importance of robust methods for studying small RNA biology.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective identification and detection methods are essential for advancing small RNA research.
    • The described reporter gene assay facilitates functional validation of miRNA-mRNA interactions.
    • This work supports deeper insights into gene silencing and chromatin regulation by small RNAs.