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Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

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Quasi-one-dimensional polarized fermi superfluids.

Meera M Parish¹, Stefan K Baur, Erich J Mueller

¹Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA. mparish@princeton.edu

Physical Review Letters

|February 1, 2008

Summary

Researchers explored the phase diagram of a polarized Fermi gas in 1D tubes. They found the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superfluid phase is stabilized in the quasi-1D regime, exhibiting a gapped quasiparticle spectrum.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Quantum Gases
Many-Body Physics

Background:

Two-component Fermi gases exhibit rich phase diagrams under varying dimensionality.
Optical lattices enable the creation of low-dimensional quantum systems for studying exotic phases.
The Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase is a theoretically predicted unconventional superfluid state.

Purpose of the Study:

To calculate the zero-temperature phase diagram of a polarized two-component Fermi gas in an array of 1D tubes.
To investigate the influence of dimensionality and lattice strength on superfluidity.
To identify the optimal conditions for observing the FFLO phase.

Main Methods:

Theoretical calculation of the phase diagram using a two-dimensional optical lattice model.
Analysis of the crossover from 3D to quasi-1D behavior.
Characterization of the quasiparticle spectrum within the FFLO phase.

Main Results:

Increasing lattice strength drives a transition from 3D to quasi-1D behavior.
The Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) modulated superfluid phase is stabilized in the quasi-1D regime.
A phase transition within the FFLO phase leads to a change in the quasiparticle spectrum from gapless to gapped.

Conclusions:

The quasi-1D regime is the most promising for experimental observation of the FFLO phase.
Weak inter-tube tunneling is crucial for stabilizing long-range order in the FFLO phase.
The FFLO phase exhibits distinct spectral properties depending on the dimensionality.