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Hydrogen Bonds

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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Neutron Crystallography Data Collection and Processing for Modelling Hydrogen Atoms in Protein Structures

Neutron Crystallography Data Collection and Processing for Modelling Hydrogen Atoms in Protein Structures

Published on: December 1, 2020

Lattice model for parallel and orthogonal beta sheets using hydrogenlike bonding.

J Krawczyk¹, A L Owczarek, T Prellberg

¹Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, 3010, Australia. j.krawczyk@ms.unimelb.edu.au

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|February 1, 2008

Summary

This study explores a polymer lattice model where hydrogen bonds control beta sheet formation. Simulations reveal distinct low-temperature structures and phase transitions based on interaction tuning.

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Area of Science:

Polymer physics
Computational chemistry
Statistical mechanics

Background:

Beta sheet formation is crucial in protein structure and function.
Controlling polymer self-assembly is key to designing novel materials.
Understanding phase transitions in polymer models informs material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate a lattice model of polymers with controllable beta sheet formation.
To explore how varying hydrogen bond interactions influence polymer structure.
To characterize the phase diagram and transitions of the model system.

Main Methods:

Development of a lattice model for polymer chains.
Simulations to explore the model's behavior under different interaction strengths.
Analysis of structural ordering and phase transitions.

Main Results:

Demonstrated control over beta sheet formation via hydrogen bond orientation.
Identified distinct low-temperature structures with specific orientational order.
Generated a phase diagram, classifying phases and transition orders.

Conclusions:

The model successfully captures controllable beta sheet formation in polymers.
Tuning interaction strengths leads to predictable structural and orientational changes.
The findings provide insights into polymer self-assembly and phase behavior.