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Dynamic spreading of droplets containing nanoparticles.

O K Matar¹, R V Craster, K Sefiane

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|February 1, 2008

Summary

This study models nanoparticle droplet spreading, revealing structural disjoining pressure causes particle layering. Simulations show a "step" phenomenon at the contact line, matching experimental observations.

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Nanotechnology
Surface science

Background:

Particle layering observed at the three-phase contact line in nanoparticle-laden liquid spreading.
Structural disjoining pressure effects dominate at scales larger than particle diameter.
Van der Waals and electrostatic forces are significant at smaller scales.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate dynamic spreading of nanoparticle droplets with structural disjoining pressure.
Model particle layering and its impact on droplet behavior.
Understand phenomena like terraced spreading and stepwise thinning.

Main Methods:

Lubrication theory to derive evolution equations for interfacial location and particle concentration.
Incorporation of structural disjoining pressure for film thicknesses > nanoparticle diameter.

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Assumption of van der Waals forces for thinner films.

Numerical simulations with concentration-dependent viscosity.

Main Results:

Numerical simulations show qualitative agreement with experimental observations.
A distinct "step" emerges from the contact line during spreading.
Model captures the influence of structural disjoining pressure on droplet dynamics.

Conclusions:

Structural disjoining pressure plays a key role in nanoparticle droplet spreading dynamics.
The derived model accurately predicts the emergence of a contact line step.
Findings are applicable to various phenomena involving layering and stepwise thinning.