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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

A Model of Self-limited Acute Lung Injury by Unilateral Intra-bronchial Acid Instillation

A Model of Self-limited Acute Lung Injury by Unilateral Intra-bronchial Acid Instillation

Published on: August 30, 2019

Anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediators.

Charles N Serhan¹, Stephanie Yacoubian, Rong Yang

¹Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. cnserhan@zeus.bwh.harvard.edu

Annual Review of Pathology

|February 1, 2008

Summary

Inflammation resolution involves active, proresolving lipid mediators like resolvins and protectins, not just passive healing. These omega-3 fatty acid derivatives offer potent anti-inflammatory and organ-protective effects.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Immunology
Pharmacology

Background:

The traditional view linked lipid mediators primarily to inflammation, exemplified by prostaglandin synthesis inhibition by NSAIDs.
Inflammation resolution was historically considered a passive process.
Recent discoveries reveal active biochemical pathways and lipid mediators driving resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in understanding the biosynthesis and actions of novel proresolving lipid mediators.
To highlight the identification of new mediator families from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
To discuss the organ-protective and antifibrotic properties of these mediators.

Main Methods:

Utilized a lipid-mediator informatics approach to identify endogenous mediators in resolving inflammation.
Analyzed resolving exudates containing lipoxins, aspirin-triggered lipoxins, resolvins, and protectins.
Reviewed literature on the stereospecific actions and biosynthesis of these mediators.

Main Results:

Identified novel families of endogenous, locally acting mediators derived from omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid).
Characterized these new mediators as resolvins and protectins, possessing potent anti-inflammatory and proresolving actions.
Established that these mediators are actively involved in inflammation resolution and exhibit organ protection and antifibrotic effects.

Conclusions:

Inflammation resolution is an active, enzymatically controlled process involving specific lipid mediators.
Resolvins and protectins, derived from omega-3 fatty acids, are key players in promoting resolution and preventing tissue damage.
These findings challenge the traditional view and open new therapeutic avenues for inflammatory diseases.