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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans
Published on: April 28, 2022
Alcohol habits in Sweden during 1997-2005 measured with the AUDIT
Håkan Källmén1, Peter Wennberg, Anne H Berman
1Section for Addiction Research, Magnus Huss-clinic, Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska Institute, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. hakan.kallmen@comhem.se
Abstract:
This study aimed to describe changes in Swedish alcohol habits during a period of "harmonization" with European Union alcohol policy. Three random samples collected during the years 1997 (n=997), 2001 (n=893) and 2005 (n=914) were compared. Alcohol habits and hazardous consumption was measured with the AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) distributed to the respondents by post. Results were somewhat diverse, but significant changes in alcohol habits occurred among two subgroups of the population: for women and the age group between 28 and 60 years, AUDIT scores peaked in 2001. The results are discussed in relation to the changes made in Swedish alcohol policy during the investigation period.
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