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[Crystalluria].

F A Klepikov, Iu F Tomakh, I M Antonian

    Urologiia I Nefrologiia
    |November 1, 1991
    PubMed
    Summary

    Crystalluria, the presence of crystals in urine, can indicate a predisposition to kidney stones (urolithiasis). This study found specific crystal types in asymptomatic individuals and linked crystalluria to the chemical composition of kidney stones.

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    Area of Science:

    • Urology
    • Nephrology
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Context:

    • Crystalluria, the presence of crystals in urine, is often asymptomatic.
    • Urolithiasis, or kidney stone disease, affects a significant portion of the population.
    • Understanding the precursors to kidney stone formation is crucial for prevention and treatment.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the clinical significance of crystalluria.
    • To determine the prevalence of different urinary crystal types in asymptomatic individuals and patients with nephrolithiasis.
    • To explore the relationship between crystalluria and the chemical composition and patient demographics of kidney stones.

    Summary:

    • A large-scale examination of 185,274 individuals revealed the prevalence of oxalic-calcic (12.2%), urate (3.6%), and phosphate (1.2%) crystals in asymptomatic crystalluria.
    • Oxalic-calcic crystalluria was more prevalent (25.8%) in urgent urinary conditions.
    • In 372 nephrolithiasis patients, urinary crystals were detected in 44.0%, correlating with stone composition. Oxalic-calcic nephrolithiasis was observed in a younger demographic (mean age 37.3 years).

    Impact:

    • Suggests crystalluria can be considered microurolithiasis, indicating a predisposition to urinary tract stone formation.
    • Highlights crystalluria as a potential preclinical marker for urolithiasis.
    • Provides data supporting the role of crystalluria analysis in assessing lithogenesis risk.

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