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Time Multiplexing Super Resolving Technique for Imaging from a Moving Platform

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Synthetic aperture inversion for arbitrary flight paths and nonflat topography.

Clifford J Nolan¹, Margaret Cheney

¹Department of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. clifford.nolan@ul.ie

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing : a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society

|February 2, 2008

Summary

This study introduces a backprojection algorithm for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, correcting for terrain and flight path variations. It also analyzes and suggests methods to suppress artifacts in wide-beam imaging scenarios.

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Area of Science:

Remote Sensing
Geophysics
Signal Processing

Background:

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems image terrain using backscattered waves.
Standard narrow-beam algorithms are insufficient for large antenna footprints.
Accurate terrain imaging requires accounting for topography and flight path.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an imaging algorithm for SAR systems with arbitrary flight paths and known topography.
To address artifacts in wide-beam SAR imaging.
To analyze and mitigate image artifacts for non-directional antennas.

Main Methods:

Developed an explicit backprojection imaging algorithm.
Incorporated corrections for topography, flight path, antenna beam pattern, and waveform.
Analyzed artifact strength relative to true image strength for non-directional antennas.

Main Results:

The backprojection algorithm corrects for geometrical factors in SAR imaging.
Specific antenna-topography relationships can cause artifacts.
Artifacts can be suppressed by increasing frequency, integration time, and flight path curvature.

Conclusions:

The developed algorithm provides accurate terrain imaging in complex scenarios.
Understanding antenna-topography interactions is crucial for artifact avoidance.
Optimizing system parameters can mitigate artifacts in wide-beam SAR imaging.