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Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An immobile...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no movement.
Joints01:26

Joints

Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...

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Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants
09:08

Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants

Published on: May 14, 2020

Interface fixation analysis of artificial joints.

A Shirazi-Adl1

  • 1Dept. of Mech. Eng., Ecole Polytech., Montreal, Que.

IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine : the Quarterly Magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces novel continuous stress formulations for modeling implant fixation in total joint replacements. These methods improve accuracy in predicting interface mechanics, crucial for long-term implant performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Computational Mechanics
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Implant fixation quality is critical for total joint replacement longevity.
  • Existing modeling methods produce discontinuous stresses at implant/cement interfaces.
  • Accurate interface stress prediction is essential for reliable long-term performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present new formulations for continuous stress and displacement prediction at implant interfaces.
  • To address limitations of previous modeling approaches that resulted in discontinuous stresses.
  • To provide reliable tools for analyzing interface mechanics in total joint replacements.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced three distinct formulations: displacement-based interface element, penalty-modified compatible formulation, and mixed stress-displacement formulation.
  • Utilized a tibial fixation model subjected to nonaxisymmetric compression loading.
  • Employed a penalty-based continuous stress formulation for analysis under single condyle loading.

Main Results:

  • Presented accurate and continuous stress and displacement predictions at the implant/cement interface.
  • Demonstrated satisfactory performance of the proposed formulations in test examples.
  • Successfully analyzed a tibial fixation model under a single loaded area condition.

Conclusions:

  • The developed formulations provide accurate and continuous stress predictions, overcoming limitations of previous methods.
  • These continuous stress formulations are reliable tools for predicting interface mechanics in total joint replacements.
  • Improved modeling of implant/cement interface stresses can enhance the design and longevity of joint replacements.