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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

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Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression
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Published on: May 7, 2019

Diffusion tensor MR imaging in cervical spine trauma.

K Shanmuganathan1, R P Gullapalli, J Zhuo

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. kshanmuganathan@umm.edu

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|February 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters, particularly apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), are sensitive markers for assessing cervical cord injury severity. DTI changes are most pronounced at injury sites, reflecting the extent of damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Spinal Cord Injury Research
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Background:

  • Cervical cord injury (CCI) can lead to significant neurological deficits.
  • Assessing the extent and severity of CCI is crucial for patient management.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) offers a potential method for evaluating spinal cord tissue integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in DTI parameters in patients with cervical spine trauma.
  • To determine the sensitivity of DTI metrics in reflecting the severity of cervical cord injury.
  • To compare DTI findings between patients and healthy volunteers.

Main Methods:

  • DTI was performed on 20 patients with cervical spine trauma and 8 healthy volunteers.
  • Key DTI parameters analyzed included apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), relative anisotropy (RA), and volume ratio (VR).
  • MR imaging identified injury types (hemorrhagic contusions, nonhemorrhagic contusions, soft-tissue injury), and medical records were reviewed for neurologic deficits.

Main Results:

  • Regional ADC and FA values showed significant differences across cervical cord sections.
  • Whole cord ADC values were significantly lower in patients compared to volunteers (P < .0001).
  • ADC and FA values were significantly decreased at injury sites, with the most pronounced changes observed in patients with hemorrhagic cord contusions.

Conclusions:

  • DTI parameters, especially ADC, are sensitive indicators of cervical cord injury.
  • DTI findings correlate with the severity of spinal cord injury.
  • DTI can effectively characterize tissue changes at the site of cervical cord injury.