Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

Chondromodulin-I and tenomodulin are differentially expressed in the avascular mesenchyme during mouse and chick

Chisa Shukunami1, Aki Takimoto, Shigenori Miura

  • 1Department of Cellular Differentiation, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. shukunam@frontier.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Cell and Tissue Research
|February 2, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Chondromodulin-I (ChM-I) and tenomodulin (TeM) are angiogenesis inhibitors found in avascular regions during development. Their expression patterns in cartilage and connective tissues highlight their roles in vertebrate development.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Angiogenesis Research
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chondromodulin-I (ChM-I) and tenomodulin (TeM) are homologous proteins known to inhibit angiogenesis.
  • Understanding their precise localization and expression patterns is crucial for comprehending developmental processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the spatial relationship between capillary networks and the localization of ChM-I and TeM during mouse and chick development.
  • To investigate the expression domains of ChM-I and TeM in various embryonic tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Localization of ChM-I and TeM proteins in avascular regions.
  • Examination of chick embryo vasculature via India ink injection.
  • In situ hybridization for ChM-I and TeM gene expression analysis.

Main Results:

  • ChM-I and TeM proteins are localized to PECAM-1-negative avascular regions.
  • ChM-I is expressed in avascular cartilage, while TeM is found in dense connective tissues like tendons and ligaments.
  • ChM-I expression onset correlates with chondrogenesis in mice and is detected in various avascular mesenchymal tissues in chick embryos.

Conclusions:

  • The expression domains of ChM-I and TeM encompass typical avascular regions within mesenchymal tissues during vertebrate development.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the role of these angiogenesis inhibitors in tissue development.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Cell Differentiation, Morphogenesis, and Patterning During Chicken Embryogenesis Using the Soaked-Bead Assay06:49

Analysis of Cell Differentiation, Morphogenesis, and Patterning During Chicken Embryogenesis Using the Soaked-Bead Assay

Published on: January 12, 2022

Laser Capture Microdissection of Mouse Embryonic Cartilage and Bone for Gene Expression Analysis09:20

Laser Capture Microdissection of Mouse Embryonic Cartilage and Bone for Gene Expression Analysis

Published on: December 18, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
Embryonic Connective Tissues01:20

Embryonic Connective Tissues

During early development, the embryo forms two types of connective tissues— the mesenchyme and mucoid connective tissue.
The mesenchyme is the first connective tissue that emerges in the developing embryo. It consists of loosely arranged multipotent mesenchymal cells and reticular fibers in the extracellular matrix. This loose arrangement allows easy migration of cells, which is essential for germ layer positioning, patterning, and organ morphogenesis during embryonic development. Mesenchyme is...
Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...