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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved in a...

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved in a...

Selectins

Selectins

Cell adhesion is an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...

Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

Published on: June 13, 2014

3. Adhesion molecules and receptors.

C Wayne Smith¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates, Rm 6014, Houston, TX 77030, USA. wsmith@bcm.tmc.edu

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

|February 5, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adhesion molecules are crucial for immune cell movement and function. Disruptions in these molecules can severely impair host defense against inflammation and infection.

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

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Published on: June 13, 2014

Adhesion Frequency Assay for In Situ Kinetics Analysis of Cross-Junctional Molecular Interactions at the Cell-Cell Interface

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Published on: November 2, 2011

Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules

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Published on: October 17, 2014

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Adhesion molecules mediate essential leukocyte functions, including trafficking and differentiation.
They facilitate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions crucial for cell movement and signaling.
These molecules play a vital role in the emigration of leukocytes to inflammatory sites.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the critical roles of adhesion molecules in leukocyte biology.
To underscore the impact of genetic mutations affecting adhesion molecules on host defense.
To explore the potential of adhesion molecules as therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on adhesion molecule function.
Analysis of the consequences of genetic mutations on adhesion molecule expression and function.
Discussion of therapeutic strategies targeting adhesion molecules.

Main Results:

Adhesion molecules initiate cell-cell interactions under shear stress.
They sustain cell-matrix interactions for cellular locomotion.
Adhesion molecules act as signaling molecules and accessory molecules for receptor signaling.

Conclusions:

Genetic defects in adhesion molecules lead to significant host defense impairments.
Adhesion molecules are indispensable for normal immune cell function.
Targeting adhesion molecules presents a promising therapeutic avenue for inflammatory conditions.