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Notch Signaling Pathway

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...

Notch Signaling Pathway

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...

The Tongue and Taste Buds

The Tongue and Taste Buds

The surface of the tongue is covered with various small bumps called papillae, which either distribute what has been ingested (filiform papillae) or contain the sensory taste (or gustatory) receptor cells (fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate papillae). Embedded within each taste-related papilla are the taste buds—clusters of 30 to 100 gustatory receptor cells.

Gustation

Gustation

Gustation is a chemical sense that, along with olfaction (smell), contributes to our perception of taste. It starts with the activation of receptors by chemical compounds (tastants) dissolved in the saliva. The saliva and filiform papillae on the tongue distribute the tastants and increase their exposure to the taste receptors.

Taste Buds and Receptors

Taste Buds and Receptors

Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...

The Physiology of Taste

The Physiology of Taste

The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the diffusion of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

New Methods to Study Gustatory Coding

New Methods to Study Gustatory Coding

Published on: June 29, 2017

A notch sweeter.

Kenneth D Irvine¹

¹Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Waksman Institute and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway NJ 08854, USA. irvine@waksman.rutgers.edu

|February 5, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new gene, rumi, is essential for Notch signaling in fruit flies. Rumi encodes an enzyme that adds sugars to Notch, impacting its structure and transport.

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Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

New Methods to Study Gustatory Coding

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Published on: June 29, 2017

Whole-Mount Staining, Visualization, and Analysis of Fungiform, Circumvallate, and Palate Taste Buds

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Published on: February 11, 2021

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Molecular Biology
Cell Signaling

Background:

Notch signaling is crucial for cell-fate determination during embryonic development.
The Notch pathway regulates diverse biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Dysregulation of Notch signaling is implicated in various diseases, including cancer.

Discussion:

Acar et al. identify a novel gene, rumi, critical for Notch pathway function in Drosophila.
Rumi encodes an O-glucosyltransferase, an enzyme responsible for glycosylation.
This enzyme specifically targets serine residues within the epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) domains of the extracellular Notch receptor.

Key Insights:

Rumi mediates the O-GlcNAcylation of Notch, a post-translational modification involving the addition of N-acetylglucosamine.
Glycosylation of Notch by Rumi is essential for proper Notch protein folding and intracellular trafficking.
This modification likely influences Notch receptor stability and its ability to interact with downstream signaling components.

Outlook:

Understanding Rumi's role provides new insights into the regulation of Notch signaling.
Targeting Rumi or its enzymatic activity could offer therapeutic strategies for diseases involving Notch pathway dysregulation.
Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which Rumi-mediated glycosylation affects Notch receptor activity and downstream signaling.